Classification of Computer according to size,
application and purpose :- ą¤ą¤¬ ą¤øे COMPUTER ą¤ा ą¤
ą¤µिą¤·्ą¤ाą¤° ą¤¹ुą¤ ą¤¹ैं, ą¤¤ą¤¬ ą¤øे ą¤¹ą¤®ेą¤¶ा COMPUTER ą¤®ें ą¤ुą¤ ą¤Ø ą¤ुą¤ ą¤¬ą¤¦ą¤²ाą¤µ (Update) ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤°ą¤¹े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤«िą¤° ą¤ाą¤¹े ą¤¹ą¤® Size ą¤ी ą¤¬ाą¤¤ ą¤ą¤°े, ą¤Æा Purpose, ą¤Æा Application ą¤ि। ą¤¤ą¤¬ ą¤øे ą¤²ेą¤ą¤° ą¤
ą¤¬ ą¤¤ą¤ COMPUTER ą¤े SIZE, COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा ą¤ą¤° ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤Ŗą¤§्ą¤¦ą¤¤ि ą¤®ें ą¤ी ą¤¬ą¤¦ą¤²ाą¤µ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ा ą¤°ą¤¹ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øी ą¤ो ą¤§्ą¤Æाą¤Ø ą¤®ें ą¤°ą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ुą¤ COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION (Computer
Classification) ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ą¤Æा ą¤¹ैं। What is computer ? Classification of coputer ą¤ą¤° Types of computer ą¤
ą¤्ą¤øą¤° Exams ą¤®ें ą¤Ŗूą¤ा ą¤ाą¤Øे ą¤µाą¤²े Questions ą¤¹ैं। ą¤¤ो ą¤ą¤ą¤Æे ą¤ाą¤Øą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION ą¤ą¤° COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤°।
Classification
of Computer (COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION
)
COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION ? COMPUTER ą¤िą¤¤ą¤Øे ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं? ą¤Æा COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤°? ą¤Æे ą¤øą¤µाą¤² ą¤ी ą¤¬ą¤¹ुą¤¤ ą¤®ą¤¹ą¤¤्ą¤Ŗूą¤°्ą¤£ ą¤¹ैं ą¤्ą¤Æूंą¤ि ą¤Ŗą¤°ीą¤्ą¤·ाą¤ं ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤ ą¤¬ाą¤° ą¤Ŗूą¤ा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤¤ो ą¤ą¤²िą¤ ą¤¹ą¤® ą¤øीą¤ ą¤²ेą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤°?
COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤¹ą¤® ą¤ą¤Øą¤े SIZE, ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤, ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤¦्ą¤¦ेą¤¶्ą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤ाą¤ (Divide) ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤²िą¤ ą¤¹ą¤® COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION Three ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤िą¤øą¤े ą¤
ंą¤¤ą¤°्ą¤ą¤¤ COMPUTER ą¤ो Three ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤
ą¤²ą¤ ą¤
ą¤²ą¤ Types ą¤®ें Divided ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤Ŗą¤¹ą¤²े COMPUTER ą¤ा ą¤µेą¤°्ą¤ीą¤ą¤°ą¤£ ą¤¹ą¤® Size ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤ą¤°ेंą¤े। SIZE ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° COMPUTER ą¤ो 4 ą¤ाą¤ो ą¤®ें ą¤¬ाą¤ा ą¤ą¤Æा ą¤¹ैं।
iv) Super
Computer (SUPER COMPUTER)
SUPER COMPUTER, ą¤
ą¤Ø्ą¤Æ ą¤øą¤ी ą¤¶्ą¤°ेą¤£िą¤Æों ą¤े COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤¤ुą¤²ą¤Øा ą¤®ें ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤¬ą¤”़े SIZE ą¤®ें ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤¤ą¤Øा ą¤¹ी ą¤Øą¤¹ीं, ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤øंą¤्ą¤°ą¤¹ ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा ą¤µाą¤²े ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤ą¤¤ि (High Speed) ą¤µाą¤²े COMPUTER ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤ ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤ą¤ CPU ą¤øą¤®ांą¤¤ą¤° ą¤्ą¤°ą¤® ą¤øे ą¤²ą¤ाą¤ ą¤ाą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, ą¤ą¤° ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ø ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤्ą¤°िą¤Æा ą¤ो Parallel
Processing ą¤ą¤¹ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ø ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤े COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤¬िą¤²्ą¤ुą¤² ą¤
ą¤²ą¤ PRINCIPLE ą¤े ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤¤ैą¤Æाą¤° ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं, ą¤िą¤øे ą¤Øॉą¤Ø - ą¤µों ą¤Ø्ą¤Æूą¤®ेą¤Ø (Non -
Von Neumann Concept) PRINCIPLE ą¤ą¤¹ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं।
SUPER COMPUTER ą¤ा SIZE ą¤ą¤ ą¤øाą¤®ाą¤Ø्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤®ą¤°े ą¤े ą¤¬ą¤°ाą¤¬ą¤° ą¤¹ोą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ø ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤े COMPUTER ą¤ा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤¬ą„े ą¤µैą¤्ą¤ाą¤Øिą¤ ą¤ą¤° ą¤¶ोą¤§ ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ą¤¶ाą¤²ाą¤ं ą¤®ें ą¤¶ोą¤§ ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। SUPER COMPUTER ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤ ą¤øाą¤°े ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), CPU (Central
Processing Unit) ą¤ा ą¤ाą¤ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤®ें ą¤¹ą¤° ą¤ą¤ ALU ą¤ा ą¤ą¤ ą¤Øिą¤¶्ą¤िą¤¤ ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
SUPER COMPUTER, ą¤øą¤ी ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤े ą¤ą¤िą¤² ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æों ą¤ो ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे ą¤®ें ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤„ा। ą¤ैą¤øे ą¤ि :- ą¤®ौą¤øą¤® ą¤ी ą¤ą¤µिą¤·्ą¤Æą¤µाą¤£ी, ą¤
ą¤Ø्ą¤¤ą¤°िą¤्ą¤· ą¤Æाą¤¤्ą¤°ा ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤
ą¤Ø्ą¤¤ą¤°िą¤्ą¤· ą¤Æाą¤¤्ą¤°िą¤Æों ą¤ो ą¤
ą¤Ø्ą¤¤ą¤°िą¤्ą¤· ą¤®ें ą¤ोą¤ą¤Ø, ą¤ą¤्ą¤ ą¤ुą¤£ą¤µą¤¤्ą¤¤ा ą¤ी ą¤ą¤Øीą¤®ेą¤¶ą¤Ø ą¤ा ą¤Øिą¤°्ą¤®ाą¤£ ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øा। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤øą¤ी ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æों ą¤®ें ą¤ी ą¤ाą¤Øे ą¤µाą¤²ी ą¤ą¤£ą¤Øा ą¤ą¤° ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤्ą¤°िą¤Æा ą¤ą¤ िą¤Ø ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤्ą¤ą¤ोą¤ि ą¤ी ą¤øुą¤§्ą¤¦ą¤¤ा ą¤µाą¤²ी ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं ą¤िą¤Ø्ą¤¹ें ą¤ेą¤µą¤² SUPER ą¤ą¤®्ą¤Ŗुą¤ą¤° ą¤¹ी ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। 1998 ą¤®ें ą¤ाą¤°ą¤¤ ą¤®ें C - DEK ą¤¦्ą¤µाą¤°ा ą¤ą¤ SUPER COMPUTER ą¤¬ą¤Øाą¤Æा ą¤ą¤Æा ą¤िą¤øą¤ा ą¤Øाą¤® "PARAM - 10000" ą¤„ा। ą¤ą¤øą¤ी ą¤ą¤£ą¤Øा ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा 1 ą¤ą¤°ą¤¬ ą¤ą¤£ą¤Øा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤¤ि ą¤øेą¤ंą¤” ą¤„ी। "PARAM - 10000" ą¤ो ą¤ाą¤°ą¤¤ ą¤े ą¤µिą¤्ą¤ाą¤Øिą¤ों ą¤Øे ą¤ाą¤°ą¤¤ ą¤®ें ą¤¹ी ą¤¬ą¤Øाą¤Æा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤े ą¤
ą¤²ाą¤µा ą¤
ą¤Ø्ą¤Æ SUPER COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤¹ैं ą¤ैą¤øे :- CRAY-2,
CRAY XMP-24, ą¤ą¤° NEC-500.
iii) Mainframe
Computer (ą¤®ेą¤Øą„्ą¤°ेą¤® COMPUTER)
Mainframe Computer, SIZE ą¤®ें Super Computer ą¤ी ą¤¤ुą¤²ą¤Øा ą¤®ें ą¤ाą¤«ी ą¤ोą¤े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤Øą¤ी Storage
Capacity ą¤ी ą¤ाą¤«ी ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ą¤®्ą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤®ें ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤®ाą¤¤्ą¤°ा ą¤®ें ą¤¬ą¤¹ुą¤¤ ą¤¹ी ą¤¤ेą„ ą¤ą¤¤ि ą¤øे ą¤”ाą¤ा ą¤ो ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ोą¤øेą¤ø ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे ą¤ी ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤Æे computers ą¤¬ą¤¹ुą¤¤ ą¤¤ेą„ ą¤¹ोą¤Øे ą¤े ą¤ाą¤°ą¤£ ą¤ą¤Øą¤®े ą¤øेą¤ą„ो users ą¤ą¤ ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤Øą¤®े 24 ą¤ंą¤े ą¤²ą¤ाą¤¤ाą¤° ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे ą¤ी ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤²िą¤ ą¤ą¤Ø COMPUTER ą¤ा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤¬ą„ी ą¤¬ą„ी ą¤ंą¤Ŗą¤Øिą¤Æों, ą¤øą¤°ą¤ाą¤°ी ą¤µिą¤ाą¤ों, ą¤¬ैंą¤ों, ą¤ą¤¤्ą¤Æाą¤¦ि, ą¤®ें ą¤ेंą¤¦्ą¤°ीą¤Æ COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤°ूą¤Ŗ ą¤®ें ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
Mainframe Computer ą¤ो ą¤िą¤øी ą¤ी ą¤Øेą¤ą¤µą¤°्ą¤ ą¤े ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤Æा ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°ो ą¤े ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤ą¤Ŗą¤ø ą¤®ें Connect ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤ा ą¤ą¤Ŗą¤Æोą¤ ą¤Æा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤µिą¤िą¤Ø ą¤ø्ą¤„ाą¤Øों ą¤®ें ą¤µिą¤िą¤Ø ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ैą¤øे :- ą¤¬ैंą¤ों, ą¤ंą¤Ŗą¤Øी, ą¤Øोą¤िą¤ø ą¤ेą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤¬िą¤² ą¤ेą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤ेą¤्ą¤ø ą¤ा ą¤µिą¤ø्ą¤¤ृą¤¤ ą¤¬्ą¤Æौą¤°ा ą¤°ą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤ुą¤ą¤¤ाą¤Øों ą¤ा ą¤¬्ą¤Æौą¤°ा ą¤°ą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤ą¤°्ą¤®ą¤ाą¤°िą¤Æों ą¤ा ą¤ुą¤ą¤¤ाą¤Ø ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øा, ą¤¬िą¤्ą¤°ी ą¤ा ą¤¬्ą¤Æौą¤°ा ą¤°ą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤ą¤Ŗą¤ोą¤ą¤¤ाą¤ं ą¤¦्ą¤µाą¤°ा ą¤ą¤°ीą¤¦ ą¤ा ą¤¬्ą¤Æौą¤°ा ą¤°ą¤ą¤Øा, ą¤ą¤¤्ą¤Æाą¤¦ि। IBM 4381, ICL39 Series ą¤ą¤° CDC Cyber Series ą¤Æे ą¤ुą¤ ą¤®ेą¤Øą„्ą¤°ेą¤® COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤Øाą¤® ą¤¹ैं।
ii) Mini
Computer (ą¤®िą¤Øी COMPUTER)
ą¤®िą¤Øी COMPUTER, SIZE ą¤®ें ą¤Ŗिą¤ą¤²े ą¤¦ोą¤Øों ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°ो ą¤ी ą¤¤ुą¤²ą¤Øा ą¤®ें ą¤ाą¤«ी ą¤्ą¤Æाą¤¦ा ą¤ोą¤े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤Æे COMPUTER ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER ą¤øे ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤¤ेą„ ą¤ą¤¤ि ą¤µाą¤²े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤Ŗą¤¹ą¤²ा Mini Computer - PDP8 ą¤Øाą¤®ą¤ ą¤„ा, ą¤िą¤øे DEC - Digital Equipment Corporation ą¤Øे 1965 ą¤®ें ą¤¤ैą¤Æाą¤° ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤„ा। ą¤िą¤øą¤ी ą¤ीą¤®ą¤¤ $18000
(Dollar) ą¤„ी ą¤ą¤° SIZE (Size) ą¤ą¤ ą¤°ेą¤«्ą¤°िą¤ą¤°ेą¤ą¤°
(Refrigerator) ą¤े ą¤¬ą¤°ाą¤¬ą¤° ą¤„ी।
ą¤®िą¤Øी COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤ीą¤®ą¤¤ ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤¤ुą¤²ą¤Øा ą¤®ें ą¤¬ą¤¹ुą¤¤ ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤ो ą¤µ्ą¤Æą¤्ą¤¤िą¤ą¤¤ ą¤°ूą¤Ŗ ą¤øे ą¤Øą¤¹ीं ą„ą¤°ीą¤¦ा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Øą¤ा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤ोą¤े ą¤ą¤° ą¤®ाą¤§्ą¤Æą¤® SIZE ą¤ी ą¤ंą¤Ŗą¤Øी ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Øą¤®े ą¤ी ą¤ą¤ ą¤µ्ą¤Æą¤्ą¤¤ि ą¤ą¤ ą¤øाą¤„ ą¤ą¤ ą¤øą¤®ą¤Æ ą¤®ें ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤ ą¤øे ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ CPU ą¤²ą¤े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤®िą¤Øी COMPUTER ą¤ी Speed ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER ą¤øे ą¤¤ेą„ ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤®ेą¤Øą„्ą¤°ेą¤® COMPUTER ą¤øे ą¤§ीą¤®ी ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°्ą¤ø ą¤ो ą¤Æाą¤¤ाą¤Æाą¤¤ ą¤®ें ą¤Æाą¤¤्ą¤°िą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤ą¤°ą¤्ą¤·ą¤£ą¤े ą¤²िą¤, ą¤¬ैंą¤ों ą¤®ें ą¤¬ैंą¤िंą¤ ą¤े ą¤²िą¤, ą¤ą¤°्ą¤®ą¤ाą¤°ी ą¤े ą¤µेą¤¤ą¤Ø ą¤े ą¤²िą¤, Financial ą¤ą¤¤ों ą¤ा ą¤°ą¤ą¤°ą¤ाą¤µ ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øा etc.
i) Micro
Computer (ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER)
ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER ą¤¬ाą¤ी ą¤øą¤ी ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°ो ą¤øे SIZE ą¤®ें ą¤¬ą¤¹ुą¤¤ ą¤ोą¤े ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤¬ 1970 ą¤े ą¤¦ą¤øą¤ ą¤®ें ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ोą¤øेą¤øą¤° (Micro
Processor) ą¤ा ą¤
ą¤µिą¤·्ą¤ाą¤° ą¤¹ुą¤, ą¤¤ą¤¬ ą¤ा ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤ ą¤øą¤¬ą¤øे ą¤
ą¤्ą¤ी ą¤ą¤° ą¤øą¤ø्ą¤¤ी COMPUTER ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤£ाą¤²ी ą¤ा ą¤¬ą¤Øą¤Øा ą¤øंą¤ą¤µ ą¤¹ुą¤। ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ोą¤øेą¤øą¤° ą¤े ą¤ाą¤°ą¤£ ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ą¤°ो ą¤ो ą¤िą¤øी ą¤ी ą¤”ेą¤ø्ą¤ (Desk) ą¤Æा ą¤¬्ą¤°िą¤«्ą¤ेą¤¶
(Briefcase) ą¤®ें ą¤ी ą¤°ą¤ा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ोą¤े COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤¹ी ą¤®ाą¤ą¤्ą¤°ो COMPUTER ą¤ą¤¹ा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
2) ą¤
ą¤Øुą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION (Types of Computer According to Application)
ą¤
ą¤Øुą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤Æाą¤Øी ą¤ą¤Ŗ्ą¤²ीą¤ेą¤¶ą¤Ø (Application) ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤¤ीą¤Ø (3) ą¤ाą¤ो ą¤®ें ą¤¬ाą¤ा ą¤ą¤Æा ą¤¹ैं।
i) Analog
Computer (ą¤ą¤Øाą¤²ॉą¤ COMPUTER)
Analog Computer ą¤µो COMPUTER ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, ą¤िą¤Øą¤ा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤ौą¤¤िą¤ ą¤ą¤ाą¤ą¤Æों ą¤ैą¤øे ą¤ि ą¤²ą¤®्ą¤¬ाą¤, ą¤¦ाą¤¬, ą¤¤ाą¤Ŗą¤®ाą¤Ø, ą¤µोą¤²्ą¤ेą¤, ą¤ą¤¤ि, ą¤ą¤¦ि ą¤ो ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤Øą¤ो ą¤
ंą¤ों ą¤®ें ą¤Ŗą¤°िą¤µą¤°्ą¤¤िą¤¤ ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤Æे COMPUTER ą¤ेą¤µą¤² ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤Ø ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, ą¤Øा ą¤ि ą¤ą¤£ą¤Øा ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤Øाą¤²ॉą¤ COMPUTER ą¤ा ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤®ुą¤्ą¤Æ ą¤°ूą¤Ŗ ą¤øे Science ą¤ą¤° Engineering ą¤े ą¤्ą¤·ेą¤¤्ą¤° ą¤®ें ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤्ą¤Æूंą¤ि ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤्ą¤·ेą¤¤्ą¤°ों ą¤®ें ą¤®ाą¤¤्ą¤°ाą¤ं ą¤ा ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤Æोą¤ ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ø ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤े COMPUTER ą¤ेą¤µą¤² ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤Ø ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤ą¤ø्ą¤¤ेą¤®ाą¤² ą¤िą¤Æे ą¤ाą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, ą¤्ą¤Æूंą¤ि ą¤ą¤Øą¤øे ą¤ą¤£ą¤Øा ą¤Øą¤¹ीं ą¤िą¤Æा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा। ą¤Æे ą¤ेą¤µą¤² ą¤
ą¤Øुą¤®ाą¤Øिą¤¤ ą¤
ą¤Øुą¤®ाą¤Ø ą¤¦ेą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं ą¤ैą¤øे :- ą¤िą¤øी ą¤Ŗेą¤्ą¤°ोą¤² ą¤Ŗą¤®्ą¤Ŗ ą¤Ŗą¤° ą¤²ą¤ा ą¤ą¤Øाą¤²ॉą¤ COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤Ŗą¤®्ą¤Ŗ ą¤øे ą¤Øिą¤ą¤²ą¤Øे ą¤µाą¤²े ą¤Ŗेą¤्ą¤°ोą¤² ą¤ी ą¤®ाą¤¤्ą¤°ा ą¤ो ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं, ą¤ą¤° ą¤²ीą¤ą¤° ą¤®ें ą¤¦िą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
ii) Digital
Computer (DIGITAL COMPUTER)
DIGITAL COMPUTER ą¤µे COMPUTER ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं, ą¤ो ą¤
ंą¤ों ą¤ी Calculations ą¤ą¤°ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ ą¤ो COMPUTER ą¤ą¤Ŗ ą¤
ą¤Ŗą¤Øे ą¤ą¤øą¤Ŗाą¤ø ą¤¦ेą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ै, ą¤µे ą¤øą¤ी Digital COMPUTER ą¤¹ै। ą¤Æे ą¤µो COMPUTER ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं ą¤ो ą¤¬ą¤ą¤ ą¤¤ैą¤Æाą¤° ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे, ą¤¬ą¤¹ीą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¬ą¤Øाą¤Øे, ą¤¬ैंą¤िंą¤ ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤°ą¤Øे, ą¤ą¤¦ि ą¤®ें ą¤ाą¤® ą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤²िą¤ ą¤ą¤ ą¤े ą¤
ą¤§िą¤ą¤¤ą¤° COMPUTER DIGITAL COMPUTER ą¤े ą¤¶्ą¤°ेą¤£ी ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। DIGITAL COMPUTER ą¤”ाą¤ा ą¤ą¤° ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ोą¤्ą¤°ाą¤® ą¤ो 0 ą¤ą¤° 1 ą¤®ें ą¤Ŗą¤°िą¤µą¤°्ą¤¤िą¤¤ ą¤ą¤°ą¤े ą¤ą¤øą¤ो DIGITAL ą¤°ूą¤Ŗ ą¤®ें ą¤¦िą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
iii) Hybrid
Computer (ą¤¹ाą¤ą¤¬्ą¤°िą¤” COMPUTER)
ą¤¹ाą¤ą¤¬्ą¤°िą¤” ą¤Æाą¤Øी ą¤¦ोą¤Øों ą¤ा ą¤ोą„, Hybrid COMPUTER ą¤®ें Analog COMPUTER ą¤ą¤° DIGITAL COMPUTER ą¤¦ोą¤Øों ą¤े ą¤ुą¤£ ą¤µिą¤§ą¤®ाą¤Ø ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤Æे ą¤
ą¤Øेą¤ ą¤ुą¤£ों ą¤øे ą¤Æुą¤्ą¤¤ ą¤¹ोą¤¤े ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤²िą¤ ą¤ą¤Ø्ą¤¹ें ą¤¹ाą¤ą¤¬्ą¤°िą¤” COMPUTER ą¤ą¤¹ा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ ą¤ą¤¦ą¤¹ाą¤°ą¤£ ą¤øे ą¤øą¤®ą¤िą¤Æे :- ą¤ą¤¬ COMPUTER ą¤ी ą¤ą¤Øाą¤²ॉą¤ ą¤”िą¤µाą¤ą¤ø ą¤िą¤øी ą¤°ोą¤ी ą¤े ą¤²ą¤्ą¤·ą¤£ों ą¤ैą¤øे ą¤¤ाą¤Ŗą¤®ाą¤Ø, ą¤Æा ą¤°ą¤्ą¤¤ą¤ाą¤Ŗ ą¤ą¤¦ि, ą¤ो ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं ą¤¤ो ą¤Æे ą¤®ाą¤Ŗą¤Ø ą¤े ą¤¬ाą¤¦ ą¤®ें DIGITAL ą¤”िą¤µाą¤ą¤ø ą¤े ą¤¦्ą¤µाą¤°ा ą¤
ंą¤ो ą¤®ें ą¤¬ą¤¦ą¤² ą¤”ी ą¤ाą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤ø ą¤Ŗ्ą¤°ą¤ाą¤° ą¤øे ą¤िą¤øी ą¤°ोą¤ी ą¤े ą¤ø्ą¤µाą¤ø्ą¤„्ą¤Æ ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤Æे ą¤ą¤¤ाą¤° ą¤ą„ाą¤µ ą¤ा ą¤øą¤¹ी ą¤Ŗą¤¤ा ą¤ą¤² ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
3) ą¤ą¤¦्ą¤¦ेą¤¶्ą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° COMPUTER ą¤ा CLASSIFICATION (Types of Computer According to Purpose)
ą¤ą¤¦्ą¤¦ेą¤¶्ą¤Æों ą¤े ą¤ą¤§ाą¤° ą¤Ŗą¤° COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤¦ो (2) ą¤ाą¤ो ą¤®ें ą¤¬ाą¤ा ą¤ą¤Æा ą¤¹ैं।
i) General
Purpose Computer (ą¤øाą¤®ाą¤Ø्ą¤Æ ą¤ą¤¦्ą¤¦ेą¤¶्ą¤Æ COMPUTER)
ii) Special
Purpose Computer (ą¤µिą¤¶िą¤·्ą¤ ą¤ą¤¦्ą¤¦ेą¤¶्ą¤Æ COMPUTER)
ą¤ą¤Ø COMPUTER ą¤ो ą¤िą¤øी ą¤µिą¤¶ेą¤· ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤¬ą¤Øाą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤®ें CPU ą¤ी ą¤्ą¤·ą¤®ą¤¤ा ą¤ी ą¤ą¤ø ą¤µिą¤¶ेą¤· ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤े ą¤
ą¤Øुą¤°ूą¤Ŗ ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं। ą¤
ą¤ą¤° ą¤ą¤Øą¤®े ą¤ą¤ ą¤øे ą¤्ą¤Æाą¤¦ा CPU ą¤ी ą¤ą¤µą¤¶्ą¤Æą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ोą¤¤ी ą¤¹ैं, ą¤¤ो ą¤ą¤Ø COMPUTER ą¤®ें ą¤
ą¤Øेą¤ CPU ą¤²ą¤ाą¤Æा ą¤ाą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं। ą¤ą¤øą¤े ą¤
ą¤²ाą¤µा ą¤
ą¤ą¤° ą¤ाą¤°्ą¤Æ ą¤े ą¤²िą¤ ą¤िą¤øी ą¤µिą¤¶ेą¤· equipment ą¤Æा device ą¤ी ą¤ą¤°ूą¤°ą¤¤ ą¤Ŗą„ą¤¤ी ą¤¹ै, ą¤¤ो ą¤ą¤Ø ą¤ंą¤Ŗ्ą¤Æूą¤ ą¤®ें ą¤ą¤Ø equipment ą¤Æा ą¤”िą¤µाą¤ą¤ø ą¤ी ą¤ोą„ा ą¤ा ą¤øą¤ą¤¤ा ą¤¹ैं।
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